Model for executing a fire mission by a security forces sniper with restrictions on collateral injury to bystanders
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33405/2078-7480/2026/96/1(96)/363022Keywords:
fire mission, the probability of execution, firing effectiveness, security forces, sniper, bystandersAbstract
To take into account the specifics of use of weapon by security forces, a model of execution a fire mission with restrictions on harming bystanders by a security forces sniper has been developed. This model links the parameters of the weapon, the target and the fire mission conditions with indicators of firing effectiveness, specifically the probabilities of hitting the target and a bystander and the probabilities of damaging the target and a bystander, and the probability of execution the fire mission in general. The proposed model is intended for calculating the indicators of execution fire mission by a security forces sniper, to determine the indicators of execution fire mission that ensure a predetermined or maximum probability of success, and assessing the suitability of specific weapon samples for execution corresponding fire mission with a given probability.
References
Corriveau D., Rabbath C. A., Goudreau A. (2019). Effect of the firing position on aiming error and probability of hit. Defence Technology, vol. 15, no. 5, pp. 713–720. DOI: https://doi.org/10. 1016/j.dt.2019.08.008 [in English].
Biggs A., Hamilton J. (2023). A primer on using Monte Carlo simulations to evaluate marksmanship. Journal of Defense Analytics and Logistics, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 138–155. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JDAL-10-2022-0008 [in English].
Biggs A. T., Huffman G., Hamilton J., Javes K. et al. (2023). Small arms combat modeling: a superior way to evaluate marksmanship data. Journal of Defense Analytics and Logistics, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 69–87. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/ JDAL-11-2022-0012 [in English].
Mihaylov D. (2017). One simple model of small arms fire using the Monte Carlo method. The Journal of Defense Modeling and Simulation, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 465–470. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/ 1548512916688566 [in English].
Jankových R., Majtaník J. (2007). Snipers' shooting control chart. Advances in Military Technology, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 49–63. Retrieved from: https://www.aimt.cz/index.php/aimt/article/ view/1696 (accessed 17 February 2026) [in English].
Campbell L. M. (n.d.). Statistics in Ballistics: Applications of Mathematical Statistics to Dispersion in Exterior Ballistics. Retrieved from: https://surl.li/pksgnu (accessed 17 February 2026) [in English].
Bilenko O. I., Kyrychenko O. O. (2014). Shliakhy pidvyshchennia bezpechnosti zastosuvannia striletskoi zbroi sylamy okhorony pravoporiadku [Ways to improve the safety of small arms use by law enforcement forces]. Skhidno-Yevropeiskyi zhurnal peredovykh tekhnolohii, vol. 2/3 (68), pp. 35–39. Retrieved from: https://surl.li/ftromm (accessed 17 February 2026) [in Ukrainian].
Bilenko O. I., Kyrychenko O. O. (2018). Metodyka vyznachennia ratsionalnykh balistychnykh kharakterystyk zrazka striletskoi zbroi syl bezpeky dlia pidvyshchennia bezpechnosti yii zastosuvannia [Methodology for determining rational ballistic characteristics of a security forces small arms model to increase the safety of its use]. Zbirnyk naukovykh prats Natsionalnoi akademii Natsionalnoi hvardii Ukrainy, vol. 2 (32), pp. 17–27. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33405/2409-7470/2018/2/ 32/155168 [in Ukrainian].
Bilenko O. I. (2015). Obgruntuvannia ratsionalnykh znachen tekhnichnykh kharakterystyk kinetychnoi zbroi z obmezhenoiu vidstanniu dii dlia syl bezpeky [Substantiation of rational values of technical characteristics of kinetic weapons with limited range of action for security forces]. Systemy ozbroiennia i viiskova tekhnika, no. 4 (44), pp. 10–14. Retrieved from: https://surli.cc/shorlm (accessed 17 February 2026) [in Ukrainian].
Bilenko O. I., Pashchenko V. V. (2010). Pidvyshchennia stabilnosti dulnoi shvydkosti porazhaiuchykh elementiv kinetychnoi zbroi nesmertelnoi dii [Improving the stability of muzzle velocity of striking elements of non-lethal kinetic weapons]. Zbirnyk naukovykh prats Akademii vnutrishnikh viisk MVS Ukrainy, vol. 2, pp. 5–10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33405/2409-7470/2010/2/ 16/150687 [in Ukrainian].
Bilenko O. I., Bielashov Yu. O. (2013). Shliakhy pidvyshchennia efektyvnosti vykonannia vohnevykh zavdan snaiperom syl okhorony pravoporiadku [Ways to increase the effectiveness of sniper fire missions by law enforcement forces]. Zbirnyk naukovykh prats Akademii vnutrishnikh viisk MVS Ukrainy, vol. 2 (22), pp. 12–15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33405/2409-7470/2013/2/22/141153 [in Ukrainian].
Bilenko O. I. (2015). Pidvyshchennia efektyvnosti vykonannia snaiperskykh vohnevykh zavdan sylamy bezpeky shliakhom vyznachennia ratsionalnykh kharakterystyk optychnoho pritsilu [Increasing effectiveness of sniper fire missions by security forces by determining rational characteristics of an optical sight]. Systemy ozbroiennia i viiskova tekhnika, no. 1 (41), pp. 7–11. Retrieved from: https://surl.li/axrdlp (accessed 17 February 2026) [in Ukrainian].
Bilenko O. I., Bielashov Yu. O. (2015). Pidvyshchennia operatyvnosti vykonannia snaiperskykh vohnevykh zavdan sylamy bezpeky shliakhom zmenshennia kuta vylotu kuli [Improving the timeliness of sniper fire missions by security forces by reducing the bullet departure angle]. Systemy ozbroiennia i viiskova tekhnika, no. 3 (43), pp. 16–21. Retrieved from: https://surl.li/obqxwt (accessed 17 February 2026) [in Ukrainian].
Bilenko O. I., Pershyna K. V. (2016). Vplyv kharakterystyk systemy "liudyna – mashyna" na efektyvnist vykonannia vohnevykh zavdan pratsivnykamy syl bezpeky [Influence of "human – machine" system characteristics on effectiveness of fire missions performed by security forces personnel]. Visnyk Natsionalnoho tekhnichnoho universytetu "KhPI", no. 49 (1221), pp. 80–84. Retrieved from: https://surl.li/htwhoq (accessed 17 February 2026) [in Ukrainian].
Bilenko O. I. (2014). Pokaznyky ta kryterii otsiniuvannia efektyvnosti strilby pry vykonanni spetsyfichnykh zavdan sylamy bezpeky [Indicators and criteria for evaluating shooting effectiveness when performing specific tasks by security forces]. Systemy ozbroiennia i viiskova tekhnika, no. 3 (39), pp. 7–11. Retrieved from: https://surl.li/xjhtan (accessed 17 February 2026) [in Ukrainian].
Korn G., Korn T. (1984). Dovidnyk z matematyky dlia naukovykh pratsivnykiv ta inzheneriv [Mathematical handbook for scientists and engineers]. Kyiv : Tekhnika [in Ukrainian].
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Honor and Law
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
