Problems and directions for improving tactical-special training of National Guard of Ukraine units in countering enemy reconnaissance and sabotage groups under martial law

Abstract

The article examines the improvement of tactical-special training for servicemen of the National Guard of Ukraine to effectively counter reconnaissance and sabotage groups under martial law. Based on the analysis of international humanitarian law and national legislation, the hierarchical structure of enemy formations is revealed, and lists of objects subject to protection or potential targets during conflict are systematized. The study of U.S. and German military doctrines allowed for the adaptation of international experience in defensive combat, focused on exhausting the enemy and creating conditions for a counteroffensive. Particular attention is paid to identifying russian reconnaissance and sabotage groups by signs of intelligence activities, covert destabilization of the sociopolitical situation, and information-based discredit of state authorities.
Tactical methods of counter-sabotage operations in border areas are detailed, specifically the experience of using ambushes by the security and defense forces of Ukraine. The scientific novelty lies in the development and justification of a sabotage protection model for implementation in the educational process of higher education institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine. The proposed model provides a comprehensive two-stage training system that integrates command-and-staff exercises with tactical-special training and practical involvement of cadets in maintaining public security in border settlements. This approach ensures that future officers develop resilient skills in neutralizing sabotage threats and effective cooperation in combat conditions.