Honor and Law

MOTIVATIONAL ASPECTS OF COMPULSORY MILITARY SERVICE: A THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF THE PROBLEM

Ihor Avilov — 2025-06-06

This article examines the motivational aspects of compulsory military service in Ukraine within the context of its ongoing reform and adaptation to contemporary challenges. Given the transformations in the national security system and the imperative to enhance the country’s defense capability, the issue of engaging young people in military service has become increasingly significant. The study identifies key factors contributing to the low motivation of young men to undergo military service, including the misalignment of its format with modern social and economic realities, the absence of adequate material incentives, and the persistence of outdated personnel management practices.

Special attention is devoted to the analysis of legislative reforms aimed at restructuring the staffing system of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. The study examines the gradual transition to a contractual model of military service alongside the introduction of basic military service and foundational military training, which may serve as an alternative approach to reserve force formation. In this context, a comparative analysis of the experiences of European and Scandinavian countries is conducted, particularly concerning the duration of service, conditions of enlistment, and key motivational drivers for conscripts.

The article presents a set of recommendations to enhance the motivation of young people to fulfill compulsory military service. Emphasis is placed on the need to implement high-quality professional training programs, improve service conditions, establish clear career progression opportunities, and ensure comprehensive social benefits for military personnel. Additionally, the study explores the impact of public perception of military service on youth motivation levels.

The research identifies key strategies for addressing the primary demotivating factors that discourage young people from military service. The study underscores the importance of fostering a sense of civic responsibility and awareness among young people regarding the critical role of their contribution to national defense. Furthermore, it highlights the necessity of developing a comprehensive state strategy aimed at elevating the prestige of military service and reinforcing patriotic values within society.

METHODOLOGICAL APPARATUS FOR TIMELY DETECTION OF BORDER MANAGEMENT THREATS IN THE SYSTEM OF THE NATIONAL SECURITY OF THE STATE

Serhii Bocharov — 2025-06-06

The article discusses the author's solution to the scientific task of developing scientific and applied tools (for the first time, a methodology and improved model, indicators and criteria) to improve the efficiency of the threat prevention system in the border area in cooperation with the actors of the system of protection of the national interests of the State.

For a more detailed acquaintance of the reader with the content of the material presented by the author, it should be noted that the research is devoted to the study of the problem of ensuring timely prevention of threats manifested both at the state level and at the international level (in the border aspect of national security of Ukraine), the choice of ways to increase the capacity to implement functions for timely detection of threats to state security, which are assigned to the national security system of the state on the basis of building a system for ensuring threat prevention in the border area.

The developed system of indicators and criteria for a targeted search for the best (rational) option for making a decision on preventing and countering emerging threats in the border area takes into account: threat levels, the level of decrease in the reliability of information over time ‒ when preparing a decision on the implementation of threat prevention measures. The main task of implementing the developed methodological apparatus is to increase the effectiveness of threat prevention in the border area on the basis of organizing information interaction with entities of the system for protecting the national interests of the state.

FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF LEADERSHIP COMPETENCIES OF JUNIOR COMMANDERS IN THE TRAINING CENTERS OF THE NATIONAL GUARD OF UKRAINE

Volodymyr Vasyshchev — 2025-06-06

The article addresses the issue of developing leadership competencies among junior commanders in the training centers of the National Guard of Ukraine amidst contemporary security challenges caused by the ongoing russian-ukrainian war. The decisive role of effective military leaders in ensuring unit combat readiness, maintaining personnel morale, coordinating actions on the battlefield, and operating in non-standard situations is emphasized.

Based on the analysis of modern scientific literature, guiding documents (particularly the Doctrine of Military Leadership in the National Guard of Ukraine), and international experience, the key aspects of leadership development among servicemen are identified. The main characteristics of a military leader are outlined, including the ability to lead by personal example, make decisions under uncertainty, maintain morale, develop subordinates, demonstrate strong communication skills, and take responsibility for the lives of their subordinates.

The article presents the results of an empirical study conducted at the end of 2024 among commanders of units of the National Guard of Ukraine. The purpose of the study was to assess the level of leadership competency among graduates of the Vasyl Vyshyvanyi Training Center of the National Guard of Ukraine. A total of 270 respondents participated in the survey. Analysis of the results revealed that over 30 % of sergeants demonstrated a medium or low level of leadership competency, indicating a need to improve the educational training program.

The authors propose ways to enhance the professional training system for junior commanders, including increasing the volume of practical exercises, actively applying interactive learning methods, improving the qualifications of instructors, and expanding mentorship programs. The necessity to revise the curriculum structure is also emphasized, with a stronger focus on tactical, firearms, professional psychological, and military medical training.

The conclusions justify that the development of leadership competencies among junior commanders should be systematic and continuous, taking into account dynamic combat experience, changes in the security environment, and the challenges of modern warfare. The proposed improvements can contribute to raising the preparedness level of the sergeant corps and enhancing the effectiveness of the National Guard of Ukraine's operational performance.

The results obtained have practical significance for improving educational programs in military training institutions, developing methodological recommendations for leadership competency development, and shaping an effective system of professional training for the sergeant corps amid the transformation of the security and defense sector.

DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF REGULATIONS ON THE USE OF RUBBER BATONS BY POLICE OFFICERS

Oleh Holovan — 2025-06-06

The article examines in detail the importance of standards in the professional training of police officers, in particular, in relation to the use of special means, such as a rubber baton. The author analyzes the current regulatory framework of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine regulating the procedure for service training and identifies its shortcomings in forming the full range of necessary knowledge and skills for the effective use of special means. The absence of clear standards can lead to a heterogeneous level of training of law enforcement officers and increase the risk of misuse of force.

The authors propose to introduce specialized standards that clearly regulate the methodology for performing exercises with a rubber baton, which will help unify police officers' skills and increase the effectiveness of their actions in stressful situations. To assess the effectiveness of the proposed standards, an experimental study was planned and conducted.

The pilot study included four exercises performed by cadets with different levels of training. During the exercises, the indicators of time, accuracy and correctness of the strokes were recorded. Based on the results obtained, evaluation criteria were developed that take into account the speed of reaction, the number and correctness of the strikes, as well as the overall technical training of the performers.

The experimental study included the performance of four exercises by cadets with different levels of training. During the exercises, indicators of time, accuracy and correctness of strikes were recorded. Based on the results obtained, evaluation criteria were developed that take into account the speed of reaction, the number and correctness of the strikes, as well as the overall technical preparedness of the performers.

The results of the study show that standardization of rubber baton techniques improves police training, reduces the risk of misuse of force, ensures respect for human rights, and reduces injuries among both law enforcement officers and citizens. The introduction of clear standards will increase the effectiveness of police officers' actions in real-life operational situations, improve their training system, and create a unified methodological framework for personnel training.

Thus, the introduction of specialized standards for the use of rubber batons is an important step in improving the professional training of law enforcement officers, which will ensure an increase in public safety, the effectiveness of law enforcement and compliance with modern requirements for the activities of police units.

ANALYSIS, PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION AND JUSTIFICATION OF THE NEED TO CONDUCT A STUDY OF INTELLIGENCE SUPPORT FOR FORMATIONS OF THE NATIONAL GUARD OF UKRAINE DURING ASSIGNED TASKS PERFORMANCE

Denys Datchuk — 2025-06-11

The article examines the justification of the need to conduct a study of the problems of intelligence support during the performance of assigned tasks by formations of the National Guard of Ukraine. The authors analyze the main aspects of the organization of reconnaissance activities, their role in ensuring the effectiveness of operational actions, as well as taking into account the specific conditions and requirements that arise in the process of performing National Guard of Ukraine tasks. In particular, emphasis is placed on the need for legislative consolidation of intelligence support functions, development of modern intelligence methods and tools to increase operational readiness and ensure security in the conditions of modern challenges and threats. Recommendations are offered to improve the regulatory and legal acts of Ukraine, approaches to the organization of intelligence activities, which will allow to increase the effectiveness of the activities of National Guard of Ukraine formations in the conditions that have developed or are changing.

WAYS TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF EDUCATION IN HIGHER MILITARY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

Yurii Zhuryk — 2025-06-11

The article examines the issue of improving the quality of education, as well as a number of important aspects related to the training of higher education applicants in military higher education institutions. Attention is given to the quality and level of instruction in academic disciplines and the preparation of educational components. Additionally, the article explores the aspect of students' interest in learning and their preparation for future career growth, as well as their motivation for further education and self-improvement. The conclusions, based on the results of the conducted research, provide the author's proposals and recommendations for enhancing teaching methods and improving students' assimilation of educational material.

ORGANIZATIONAL AND LEGAL PRINCIPLES OF USE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE FIELD OF STATE SECURITY

Vasyl Korniienko — 2025-06-11

The article analyzes the use of artificial intelligence in the field of ensuring state security, including in law enforcement activities. The work contains an analysis of existing legislation, identifies the risks of using artificial intelligence, and offers substantiated recommendations for improving the regulatory framework, in particular, regarding liability, personal data protection, cybersecurity, and ethical use of artificial intelligence tools.

FORMALISED FORMULATION OF ROUTING TASKS AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE AVAILABLE TRANSPORT RESOURCE FOR THE EMERGENCY EVACUATION OF SPECIAL CONTINGENTS FROM SEVERAL INSTITUTIONS AT THE SAME TIME IN CASE OF A LA

Oleksandr Kosiak — 2025-06-11

The routing and allocation problems of the available transport resources, which will be solved by the military command authorities of the National Guard of Ukraine in the process of developing a rational option for the emergency evacuation of a special contingent from multiple correctional facilities in the event of a large-scale accident at a chemical industry facility, have been formalized.

The article formalizes the general conditions of emergency evacuation of the special contingent, the problem of concentrating the necessary vehicle resources at the boundary of the contaminated zone, the routing problem for emergency evacuation of the special contingent from the contaminated area, and the problem of distributing the special contingent among correctional facilities located outside the contaminated zone.

The formalization of evacuation tasks for special contingents from penal institutions enables the military command bodies of the National Guard of Ukraine to determine, during planning activities, the following: optimal (fastest) evacuation routes, boundaries and perimeter of the contamination zone, the set of entry (exit) points to (from) this zone, the need for transport resources for the evacuation of the special contingent, and their rational distribution-among entry points into the contamination zone, across all penal institutions within this zone, at exit points from the contamination zone, and further among penal institutions located outside the contaminated area.

To address the task and achieve the goal set in the article, a comprehensive set of scientific research methods has been applied, including:

- analysis and synthesis to examine the legislative framework and departmental regulatory legal acts governing the participation of units and formations of the National Guard of Ukraine in response measures for technological and natural emergencies, as well as to analyze scientific publications on the subject of the study;

- Dijkstra’s algorithm (based on the criterion of minimal time) to determine the shortest movement routes from military units to entry points of the contaminated zone, movement routes within this zone, and from exit points of the contamination zone to other detention facilities located in safe areas of the country;

- the double advantage method and the forbidden cells method to determine landing and vehicle resources.

The proposed approach allows, under conditions of limited decision-making time, the development of a comprehensive evacuation plan for the special contingent of penal institutions from the contamination zone in a formalized manner.

EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TECHNICAL DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS FOR FIREARMS BARREL CHANNELS

Oleksandr Kriukov — 2025-06-11

The work is devoted to the development of a methodological approach to quantifying the effectiveness of technical diagnostics of firearms bores.

The problem of the lack of a type of technical diagnostics of firearms barrel channels that would meet the conditions of modern warfare is highlighted. The relevance of including operational technical diagnostics in the general system of measures for technical diagnostics of weapons is considered. An approach to the selection of appropriate tools based on the assessment of their effectiveness is proposed.

The article analyzes publications that discuss approaches to assessing the effectiveness of technical systems for various purposes, including military use. The limitations that do not allow direct application of the known research results to solve the identified problematic issue are identified.

A methodological approach to evaluating the effectiveness of tools for technical diagnosis of firearms bores is proposed, which involves the introduction of partial indicators of the effectiveness of tools for technical diagnosis of barrel channels, namely, indicators of information performance, operating time, efficiency (cost-effectiveness). The expressions for estimating such indicators for various arbitrarily selected complexes of technical diagnostic tools are obtained.

A quantitative evaluation of performance indicators for several samples of traditional and promising means of technical diagnostics of barrel channels of domestic and foreign production was carried out. It has been determined that the diagnostic complex based on a laser triangulation tool for measuring the geometric characteristics of the barrel channel is characterized by a combination of performance indicators that indicates its significant advantages over other technical diagnostic tools.

SOME ASPECTS OF FINANCIAL PLANNING LOGISTICAL SUPPORT OF MILITARY UNITS OF THE NATIONAL GUARD OF UKRAINE

Mariia Naumenko — 2025-06-11

The article is devoted to the justification of effective approaches to financial planning of logistical support of military units of the National Guard of Ukraine. In the conditions of modern challenges, in particular during the period of the legal regime of martial law, effective financial planning is critically important for ensuring combat readiness and task performance by military units.

The article considers key aspects of financial planning of logistical support, including: determination of needs in financial resources, distribution of funds between different items of expenditure, control over the targeted use of funds, accounting and reporting.

The article also analyzes the features of financial planning in martial law, such as:

the need for prompt response to changes, the importance of planning for logistical support, the need to attract additional resources.

Based on an analysis of legislation and practical experience, the article offers recommendations for improving the financial planning of logistical support of military units of the National Guard of Ukraine.

METHOD OF DETERMINING THE PROBABILITY OF RECEIVING A COMBAT INJURY BY A SECURITY FORCE EMPLOYEE UNDER ENEMY FIRE INFLUENCE

Viktor Pashchenko — 2025-06-11

The article addresses the issue of determining the probability of a security forces officer sustaining a combat injury under conditions of enemy fire.

An improved method for determining the probability of a security forces officer sustaining a combat injury under enemy fire has been developed. This method involves decomposing the target into elementary areas, calculating the probability of a striking element hitting each of these areas, estimating the probability of damage to each area considering the ballistic resistance diagrams of protective elements and the number of shots from a specific weapon, and determining based on this the probability of sustaining a combat injury from one or several types of weapons used simultaneously by the enemy. Unlike existing methods, this approach takes into account qualitative changes in the protection level of security forces personnel provided by protective elements depending on the characteristics of the enemy's weapons and the distance at which they are used.

Using the improved method, probabilities of security forces personnel sustaining combat injuries during task execution were calculated based on the protective characteristics of individual protection equipment, as well as the characteristics and number of the enemy's small arms in a developed scenario.

The calculations revealed that incorporating individual body armor in combat equipment may be impractical in situations where enemy fire conditions involve simultaneous use of multiple weapons against a single target. In certain operational conditions, individual body armor loses its significance in providing a specified level of survivability for security forces personnel. To assess the survivability of security forces personnel during task execution, it is essential to forecast the enemy's small arms and ammunition to identify critical distances for selecting protective elements of individual body armor with optimal protective characteristics, as well as the ratio of enemy weapons to designated targets.

"POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DIFFERENTIATION QUESTIONNAIRE": MODIFICATION, APPROBATION, PSYCHOMETRIC INDICATORS

Ihor Prykhodko — 2025-06-11

With the beginning of large-scale hostilities and the involvement of a large number of Ukrainian military personnel in them, the issue of diagnosing and preventing combat stress has become acute. Manifestations of combat stress experienced by military personnel have many common features. Still, there are different forecasts regarding the persistence of negative consequences for the personality of military personnel, and various approaches are required to provide psychological assistance, the starting point of which is the differential diagnosis of such manifestations.

The article describes the procedure for developing and standardizing the psychodiagnostic tool "Posttraumatic Stress Differentiation Questionnaire". The features of the Questionnaire creation and its testing on a sample of Ukrainian military personnel after participation in intensive combat operations are presented. The indicators of the internal consistency of the Questionnaire structure (α-Cronbach and intercorrelation) and its validity (correlation with the scales of psychodiagnostic tools) have been determined. The Questionnaire has been standardized for military personnel after intensive combat operations. The use of the Questionnaire allows you to identify and differentiate acute stress reactions and signs of post-traumatic stress disorder in personality after exposure to a traumatic event, taking into account a certain period. In addition, the developed Questionnaire allows you to form an idea of the presence of symptoms of moral trauma, such, which, unlike PTSD, arises not based on a life-threatening situation experienced, but based on destroyed ideas about one's morality.

THE MODERN CHALLENGE OF THE DIGITAL WORLD AND THE ROLE OF THE NATIONAL CYBERSECURITY COORDINATION CENTER IN ENSURING THE INFORMATION SECURITY OF THE STATE

Dmytro Prokopovych-Tkachenko — 2025-06-11

The rapid advancement of digital technologies presents new opportunities for economic, social, and cultural development while simultaneously generating numerous threats that negatively impact national security. Information security, as an integral part of national security, is a crucial element in countering modern threats, such as cyberattacks, information warfare, and disruptions in critical infrastructure. In this context, the National Coordination Center for Cybersecurity (NCCC) plays a key role in coordinating, integrating, and managing measures aimed at ensuring state information security. The NCCC performs a range of vital functions, including cybersecurity threat monitoring, analysis of emerging trends in the cybersecurity domain, incident response, and the implementation of protective strategies. The center coordinates collaboration between government agencies, the private sector, academic institutions, and international partners. A significant focus is placed on developing security standards for critical information infrastructure, threat forecasting, and establishing effective cybersecurity mechanisms. The expansion of NCCC's responsibilities is accompanied by the adoption of cutting-edge technologies, such as artificial intelligence, process automation, and big data analytics for risk assessment. The center is also actively engaged in improving the legislative framework governing cybersecurity to align with international standards. Effective coordination between cybersecurity stakeholders minimizes redundancy and enhances the overall efficiency of the cybersecurity system.

CONCEPTUAL PRINCIPLES FOR PLANNING AND CONDUCTING LAND OPERATIONS ACCORDING TO NATO STANDARDS

Ihor Rolin — 2025-06-11

Based on the analysis of the modern NATO doctrine on land operations and other guiding publications, the ideas, principles and basic concepts used in military management in the countries of the North Atlantic Alliance are systematized. The interpretation into Ukrainian military terminology reveals the main ideas and principles of the concepts of Command and Control, Manoeuvrist approach, Mission command, as well as the requirements for planning land operations.

It is emphasized that the principles of warfare, operations, and combat are the most significant non-physical factor influencing the success of operations at the strategic, operational, and tactical levels.

In the leading publications of NATO member states, Command and Control is revealed as a complex concept that reflects, on the one hand, significant distinctive features of the system of thinking and activity of commanders, and on the other hand, the system of work of the headquarters of all levels of management.

The cyclical planning process has been shown to be more important than adhering to plans in operations. It helps commanders understand problems and develop solutions to them. Planning keeps troops focused on creating the desired end conditions defined by the commander's intent, despite the complexity, variability, and contradictions of the current situation. Effective plans are those that encourage initiative and coordinate actions.

The article presents the maneuverist approach as a key concept of the modern Western doctrine of land operations, which emphasizes understanding the situation and manipulating human nature, exploiting the enemy's vulnerabilities, using indirect and original methods of action, and minimizing losses. This approach offers quick results or results significantly greater than the resources employed, making it attractive to the quantitatively weaker side. It is based on the Mission Command philosophy.

The main ideas and principles of the Mission Command were formulated and interpreted into Ukrainian military vocabulary, namely: special requirements for commanders; their ability to make independent decisions; orderly freedom of action and initiative, based on the commander's intent; trust and coherence; effective plans stimulate initiative; giving orders in the form of Mission-type orders.

The conclusion states that the key intangible condition for victory over a numerically superior enemy is to avoid and eradicate the shortcomings of the totalitarian soviet concept of military command. This concept is overly centralized, where actions are allowed only if they are authorized. Creative operational thinking is replaced by templates, the authoritarian powers of the commander are not balanced by individual responsibility, critical assessments are unacceptable, and career success is based on loyalty and personal "devotion" to the superior (commander) and only as an exception – on professional competence. Post-soviet approaches to management reject officers with critical and creative thinking.

PRACTICAL IMPLEMENTATION OF INFORMATION PROTECTION RESULTS BASED ON CET ENCRYPTION TECHNOLOGY

Volodymyr Rudnytskyi — 2025-06-11

The article evaluates the statistical properties of the results of CET-encryption of information-driven permutation operations. The possibility of using CET-operations in stream encryption in sequential transformation of open information elements is investigated.

Based on the generalization of the obtained results, a method of cryptographic transformation based on information-driven CET-operations is developed.

The structure of an information protection system based on cryptographic transformation based on information-driven CET-operations is proposed and functional models of devices for their hardware implementation are developed.

Based on the implemented software implementation of the information protection method, the generated pseudorandom sequences are tested using the NIST STS test software package. Analysis of the test results made it possible to conclude that the proposed method of cryptographic transformation based on information-driven CET-operations is suitable for use in information resource protection systems.

Pseudorandom sequence generators are the most important elements of any protection system, the reliability of which is largely determined by the properties of the generators used. Qualitative pseudorandom sequences, which are inherently deterministic, have almost all the properties of implementations of truly random processes and successfully replace them, since random sequences are extremely difficult to form.

Discrete-casual models of elementary functions of information-driven permutations were constructed. The properties of these models were established, which allowed to simplify the method of their synthesis.

Only two-operand CET-operations of the basic group of operations, which were obtained according to the results of the experiment, were used. This limitation is due to the possibility of constructing a complete group of models of one-operand CET-operations of information-driven permutations from models of one-operand CET-operations of the basic group.

PLANNING AS THE FOUNDATION OF RECONNAISSANCE OPERATIONS IN URBAN ENVIRONMENTS

Serhii Trutniev — 2025-06-11

Based on the analysis of combat experience, the article highlights the tasks of reconnaissance in urban areas, the problems and solutions that arise during reconnaissance activities in urbanized areas.

The authors also considered ways to improve the quality of task execution and to develop a unified approach to the targeted use of reconnaissance units in urban areas.

The article analyzes the main tasks of reconnaissance during the period of preparation of an offensive in urban conditions, reconnaissance tasks in the development of the battle in the depth of the enemy’s defense line, the activation of reconnaissance operations after the end of the siege and in defeating the encircled enemy.

It is noted that the information in the course of the battle must be clear to the attacking units and subunits in order to ensure the encirclement and bypass of enemy separate units and subunits.

Particular attention is given by the authors of the article to the organization of reconnaissance units’ activities in modern conditions. This corresponds to the organizational and personnel structure of the reconnaissance units; the necessity of allocating a separate video surveillance unit equipped with special equipment, including for detecting underground tunnels; forming reconnaissance units that can use the roofs of multi-story buildings to penetrate into the rear of the enemy.

The authors determine that the training of reconnaissance units for conducting combat operations in urban conditions requires the creation of special centers with an area of no less than a quarter of a large city, with full urban infrastructure. Such centers allow the training of reconnaissance units of various levels at the highest scientific and methodological level.

The article analyzes the conditions and factors for the success of reconnaissance in urban conditions: careful planning, understanding of street fighting tactics, and the availability of specific information about the enemy’s use of technical means of warfare.

SUBSTANTIATION OF GENERAL ACCOUNTING SPECIALIZED ARMORED WHEEL VEHICLE FOR UNITS OF THE NATIONAL GUARD OF UKRAINE ON PUBLIC ORDER PROTECTION

Hennadii Yarovyi — 2025-06-11

Recently, the use of armored wheeled vehicles by the National Guard of Ukraine units when performing assigned tasks has been significantly increasing. But the performance of specific tasks related to the protection of public order requires special automotive equipment, which will be used to clear blockages and barricades during mass riots, to restrain crowds, isolate an area or area in the event of an emergency, etc. The existing armored wheeled vehicles do not fully meet all the needs of the National Guard of Ukraine units.

The article substantiates the tactical requirements for a specialized armored wheeled vehicle (AWV) for the National Guard of Ukraine units for the protection of public order. In essence, the AWV must be protected from the use of weapons and explosive devices. In addition, despite the increase in mass, the AWV must be resistant to overturning and lateral skidding, and must also have the overall dimensions of the rolling stock, which make it possible to easily fit into road dimensions and maneuver in urban and confined spaces, and must meet the basic overall parameters of cross-country ability. To overcome natural obstacles, the suspension system must have adjustable clearance, and the transmission of the special AWV must be designed with the requirements of an off-road vehicle.

One of the solutions is to create a special four-axle AWV with two turntables. A variant of the layout of a four-axle armored wheeled vehicle with two turntables is proposed, which meets these requirements. The central part in ensuring the specified high maneuverability indicators is the modular design of the electromechanical transmission. The transmission module includes two separate electric motors connected to two planetary step gearboxes.

3D models and general characteristics of the turntable and four-axle AWV with two turntables are presented. A full-scale model of this wheeled vehicle is presented.

Review of the monograph "Theoretical Foundations for the Creation of an Automated Control System for Law Enforcement Forces Ensuring Public Safety"

S. A. Horielyshev — 2025-06-11